--- title: "Textures Color Modifications and Combinations" canonical: "https://documentation.chaos.com/space/APPSDK/132679069/Textures%20Color%20Modifications%20and%20Combinations" format: markdown --- In this chapter we'll cover some textures that modify and combine colors. ## **TexAColorOp** --- One of the most used combination [plugins](https://docs-chaos.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/APPSDK/pages/132811190). It has two input AColor textures, two optional multiplier textures, an optional separate alpha channel input texture and a lot of output textures: sum, difference, product, division, min, max, intensity, power and single color channel outputs. ### Parameters - **color_a** - The first color - **color_b** - The second color - **mult_a** - Multiplier for the first color - **mult_b** - Multiplier for the second color - **result_alpha** - The alpha for the result; if not specified, the resulting alpha taken from the first color) - **mode** - Which output should be considered as the output of the main texture (0 - result_a, 1 - result_b, 2 - product, 3 - sum, 4 - difference, 5 - power, 6 - division, 7 - Minimum, 8 - Maximum, 9 - absolute difference), 10 - Lower intensity color, 11 - Greater intensity color - **product** - `(color_a*mult_a)*(color_b*mult_b)` - **division** - `(color_a*mult_a)/(color_b*mult_b)` - **minimum** - `Min(color_a*mult_a , color_b*mult_b)` - **maximum** - `Max(color_a*mult_a , color_b*mult_b)` - **sum** - `(color_a*mult_a)+(color_b*mult_b)` - **difference** - `(color_a*mult_a)-(color_b*mult_b)` - **result_a** - `color_a*mult_a` - **result_b** - `color_b*mult_b` - **red** - `(color_a*mult_a).r` - **green** - `(color_a*mult_a).g` - **blue** - `(color_a*mult_a).b` - **alpha** - `(color_a*mult_a).a` - **intensity** - `mult_a*(color_a.r+color_a.g+color_a.b)/3.0` - **power** - `(color_a*mult_a)^mult_b` ### **Example** ![image](media://83b9aab0-15d6-454b-9f72-cb76069be523) ***The middle section of the image ****is the result of multiplying ****Texture A**** (left) by ****Texture B**** (right).* ### **Code** ** **
Python ```python # Load scene from a file. renderer.load(os.path.join(SCENE_PATH, 'material.vrscene')) newBitmap = renderer.classes.BitmapBuffer() newBitmap.file = os.path.join('assets', 'bricks01.jpg') newTexture = renderer.classes.TexBitmap() newTexture.bitmap = newBitmap newBitmap2 = renderer.classes.BitmapBuffer() newBitmap2.file = os.path.join('assets', 'Wood_Diff.jpg') newTexture2 = renderer.classes.TexBitmap() newTexture2.bitmap = newBitmap2 # Create a new TexAColorOp to combine the textures combinedTexture = renderer.classes.TexAColorOp() # Assign the input textures combinedTexture.color_a = newTexture combinedTexture.color_b = newTexture2 combinedTexture.mode = 2 # product mode diffuseBRDF = renderer.classes.BRDFDiffuse() diffuseBRDF.color_tex = combinedTexture newMaterial = renderer.classes.MtlSingleBRDF() newMaterial.brdf = diffuseBRDF newNode = renderer.classes.Node() newNode.material = newMaterial newNode.geometry = renderer.plugins['CubeShape@mesh2'] newNode.transform = vray.Transform(vray.Matrix(1), vray.Vector(-15, 0, 0)) ```
C++ ```c++ // Load scene from a file. renderer.load("material.vrscene"); BitmapBuffer newBitmap = renderer.newPlugin(); newBitmap.set_file("assets" PATH_DELIMITER "bricks01.jpg"); TexBitmap newTexture = renderer.newPlugin(); newTexture.set_bitmap(newBitmap); BitmapBuffer newBitmap2 = renderer.newPlugin(); newBitmap2.set_file("assets" PATH_DELIMITER "Wood_Diff.jpg"); TexBitmap newTexture2 = renderer.newPlugin(); newTexture2.set_bitmap(newBitmap2); // Create a new TexAColorOp to combine the textures TexAColorOp combinedTexture = renderer.newPlugin(); // Assign the input textures combinedTexture.set_color_a(newTexture); combinedTexture.set_color_b(newTexture2); combinedTexture.set_mode(2); // product mode BRDFDiffuse diffuseBRDF = renderer.newPlugin(); diffuseBRDF.set_color_tex(combinedTexture); MtlSingleBRDF newMaterial = renderer.newPlugin(); newMaterial.set_brdf(diffuseBRDF); Node newNode = renderer.newPlugin(); newNode.set_material(newMaterial); newNode.set_geometry(renderer.getPlugin("CubeShape@mesh2")); newNode.set_transform(Transform(Matrix(1), Vector(-15, 0, 0))); ```
C#.NET ```csharp // Load scene from a file. renderer.Load("material.vrscene"); BitmapBuffer newBitmap = renderer.NewPlugin(); newBitmap.File = Path.Combine("assets", "bricks01.jpg"); TexBitmap newTexture = renderer.NewPlugin(); newTexture.Bitmap = newBitmap; BitmapBuffer newBitmap2 = renderer.NewPlugin(); newBitmap2.File = Path.Combine("assets", "Wood_Diff.jpg"); TexBitmap newTexture2 = renderer.NewPlugin(); newTexture2.Bitmap = newBitmap2; // Create a new TexAColorOp to combine the textures TexAColorOp combinedTexture = renderer.NewPlugin(); // Assign the input textures combinedTexture.ColorA = newTexture; combinedTexture.ColorB = newTexture2; combinedTexture.Mode = 2; // product mode BRDFDiffuse diffuseBRDF = renderer.NewPlugin(); diffuseBRDF.ColorTex = combinedTexture; MtlSingleBRDF newMaterial = renderer.NewPlugin(); newMaterial.Brdf = diffuseBRDF; Node newNode = renderer.NewPlugin(); newNode.Material = newMaterial; newNode.Geometry = renderer.GetPlugin("CubeShape@mesh2"); newNode.Transform = new Transform(new Matrix(1), new Vector(-15, 0, 0)); ```
Node.js ```javascript // Load scene from a file synchronously. renderer.loadSync("material.vrscene"); var newBitmap = renderer.classes.BitmapBuffer(); newBitmap.file = path.join("assets", "bricks01.jpg"); var newTexture = renderer.classes.TexBitmap(); newTexture.bitmap = newBitmap; var newBitmap2 = new renderer.classes.BitmapBuffer(); newBitmap2.file = path.join("assets", "Wood_Diff.jpg"); var newTexture2 = new renderer.classes.TexBitmap(); newTexture2.bitmap = newBitmap2; // Create a new TexAColorOp to combine the textures var combinedTexture = new renderer.classes.TexAColorOp(); // Assign the input textures combinedTexture.color_a = newTexture; combinedTexture.color_b = newTexture2; combinedTexture.mode = 2; // product mode var diffuseBRDF = new renderer.classes.BRDFDiffuse(); diffuseBRDF.color_tex = combinedTexture; var newMaterial = renderer.classes.MtlSingleBRDF(); newMaterial.brdf = diffuseBRDF; var newNode = renderer.classes.Node(); newNode.material = newMaterial; newNode.geometry = renderer.plugins["CubeShape@mesh2"]; newNode.transform = vray.Transform(vray.Matrix(1), vray.Vector(-15, 0, 0)); ```
## **TexBlend** --- Blend two input AColor textures using another float texture for weighting (or a constant value, of course). ### Parameters - **color_a** - input texture A - **color_b** - input texture B - **blend_amount** - blend coefficient (could be a texture) - **composite** - If true, color_b will be composited over color_a with the given weight, taking its alpha into account ### **Example** ![image](media://c4fb1c77-9ff2-4f2a-a65a-b43d712f97d7) ***The middle section of the image represents a mix between****** Texture Top (left) and Color Bottom (right).*** ## **TexClamp** --- Clamp an input texture between some min and max values. ### Parameters - **texture** - Input texture - **min_color** - Minimum value to sample from texture - **max_color** - Maximum value to sample from texture ## **TexCondition** --- Switch between two AColor textures depending on some type of comparison between two float textures. ### Parameters - **operation** - The condition check: 0 - equal, 1 - not equal, 2 - greater than, 3 - greater or equal, 4 - less than, 5 - less or equal - **op_a** - The first number to compare - **op_b** - The second number to compare - **result_true** - The color to return if the condition is true - **result_false** - The color to return if the condition is false - **color** - The resulting color ### **Example** Here we combine the checkered and marble textures, and output black where their contours match. ![image](media://0427dcc3-f874-4f8e-875b-60e33119371f) ## **TexFloatOp** --- Similar to TexAColorOp for floats, it has a whole lot of functions. ### Parameters - **float_a** - The first number - **float_b** - The second number - **product** - `float_a*float_b` - **ratio** - `float_a/float_b` - **sum** - `float_a+float_b` - **difference** - `float_a-float_b` - **power** - The first number raised to the power of the second number - **sin** - `sin(float_a*float_b)` - **cos** - `cos(float_a*float_b)` - **asin** - `asin(float_a*float_b)` - **acos** - `acos(float_a*float_b)` - **atan** - `atan(float_a*float_b)` - **atan2** - `atan2(float_b, float_a)`, computes the arctangent of `float_b/float_a` - **min** - `min(float_a, float_b)` - **max** - `max(float_a, float_b)` - **abs** - `abs(float_a)` - **ceil** - `ceil(float_a)` - **exp** - `exp(float_a)` - **floor** - `floor(float_a)` - **log** - `log(float_a)` - **log10** - `log10(float_a)` - **sqrt** - square root of float_a - **fmod** - `fmod(float_a, float_b)` - **average** - `(float_a+float_b)*0.5` - **tan** - `tan(float_a)` - **mode** - Determines what output to use when no output parameter is specified. Useful if the type of the operation needs to be animatable. ## **TexGradient, TexGradRamp, TexRamp** --- Gradient textures. ### Parameters - **compatibility_with** - This is used to differentiate between textures exported from different applications. The value means : 0 - 3ds Max (this is also the default), 1 - Maya, ... - **alpha_from_intensity** - If 2 - the alpha is forced to 1.0f; 1 - the resulting alpha is the color intensity (if compatibility_with is 0) or the color luminance (if compatibility_with is 1); 0 - the alpha is taken from the bitmap alpha - **invert** - If true, the resulting texture color will be inverted - **invert_alpha** - If true and invert is on, the resulting texture alpha will be inverted too. If false, just the color will be inverted - **color_mult** - A multiplier for the texture color - **color_offset** - An additional offset for the texture color - **alpha_mult** - A multiplier for the texture alpha - **alpha_offset** - An additional offset for the texture alpha - **nouvw_color** - The color when there are no valid uvw coordinates - **color** - The resulting color - **out_transparency** - The resulting transparency - **out_alpha** - The resulting alpha - **out_intensity** - The resulting intensity - **uvwgen** - The uvw generator for the texture - **placement_type** - The way the valid portion of the texture is applied: 0 - the whole texture is valid, 1 - crop, 2 -place - **u** - U coordinate of the valid texture sector - **v** - V coordinate of the valid texture sector - **w** - Width of the valid texture sector - **h** - Height of the valid texture sector - **jitter** - Amount of random placement variation - **tile_u** - If true there is horizontal tiling - **tile_v** - If true there is vertical tiling - **uv_noise_on** - If true the noise is enabled. - **uv_noise_animate** - If true the noise is animated. Use "UV noise phase" to animate the noise. - **uv_noise_amount** - UV noise amount - **uv_noise_levels** - UV noise iterations - **uv_noise_size** - UV noise size - **un_noise_phase** - UV noise phase - **positions** - positions of the given colors - **colors** - the given colors - **texture_map** - the texture used for mapped gradient ramp - **gradient_type** - 0:four corner, 1:box, 2:diagonal, 3:lighting, 4:linear, 5:mapped, 6:normal, 7:pong, 8:radial, 9:spiral, 10:sweep, 11:tartan - **interpolation** - 0:none, 1:linear, 2:expUp, 3:expDown, 4:smooth, 5:bump, 6:spike - **noise_amount** - Distortion noise amount - **noise_type** - 0:regular, 1:fractal, 2:turbulence - **noise_size** - default = 1.0 - **noise_phase** - default = 0.0 - **noise_levels** - default = 4.0 - **noise_treshold_low** - default = 0.0f - **noise_treshold_high** - default = 1.0f - **noise_smooth** - default = 0.0f - **gradient_position** - When 'gradient_type' is 'position' this will specify the position of color in gradient to return ### **Example** Here's an example with gradient maps used for the wallpaper, the chair, and the tree's decorations: ## **TexHSVToRGB** --- Convert HSV input texture to RGB. ### Parameters - **inHsv** - Input texture in HSV format - **color** - Output texture in RGB format ## **TexInvert** --- Returns the complementary color of the input texture. The following scene is rendered by using the [scene bundle](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1slNbvDpjp0kHVoKA0ccOqJvcD2m2iFCc/view?usp=sharing) and uncommenting "vrscenes/map_41 TexInvert.vrscene". ![image](media://f2f314d0-3374-43d8-9680-cc10e9ab408d) ### Parameters - **texture** - The texture to be inverted - **invert_alpha** - Whether to invert alpha channel also - **color** - The inverted texture color ## **TexLayered** --- Combine an unlimited number of textures. ### Parameters - **compatibility_with** - This is used to differentiate between textures exported from different applications. The value means : 0 - 3ds Max (this is also the default), 1 - Maya, ... - **alpha_from_intensity** - If 2 - the alpha is forced to 1.0f; 1 - the resulting alpha is the color intensity (if compatibility_with is 0) or the color luminance (if compatibility_with is 1); 0 - the alpha is taken from the bitmap alpha - **invert** - If true, the resulting texture color will be inverted - **invert_alpha** - If true and invert is on, the resulting texture alpha will be inverted too. If false, just the color will be inverted - **color_mult** - A multiplier for the texture color - **color_offset** - An additional offset for the texture color - **alpha_mult** - A multiplier for the texture alpha - **alpha_offset** - An additional offset for the texture alpha - **nouvw_color** - The color when there are no valid uvw coordinates - **color** - The resulting color - **out_transparency** - The resulting transparency - **out_alpha** - The resulting alpha - **out_intensity** - The resulting intensity - **textures** - Textures to layer - **blend_modes** - 0:None, 1:Over, 2:In, 3:Out, 4:Add, 5:Subtract, 6:Multiply, 7:Difference, 8:Lighten, 9:Darken, 10:Saturate, 11:Desaturate, 12:Illuminate - **alpha** - Texture or float for alpha coefficient ## **TexLuminance** --- Returns a single float luminance (0.3R + 0.59G + 0.11B) from input color texture. Note that in V-Ray terms this is different from the "intensity" term, which is (0.33R + 0.33G + 0.33B). ### Parameters - **input** - Input texture - **luminance** - Output texture with float values ## **TexRaySwitch** --- Use a different texture for different types of rays: shadow, GI, reflection, refraction and default. ### Parameters - **default_texture** - This texture is used if texture is not set for specific ray type or if the ray type is unknown. - **shadow_ray_texture** - This texture is used for shadow rays. - **gi_ray_texture** - This texture is used for GI rays. - **reflect_ray_texture** - This texture is used for reflection rays. - **refract_ray_texture** - This texture is used for refraction rays. ## **TexRemap** --- Remap an input texture color through some kind of user-defined curve. The scene is "vrscenes/map_05 TexBitmap & TexRemap.vrscene". ![image](media://771599f3-0bef-4b34-8df1-393bed033ff5) ### Parameters - **type** - type of conversion: 0:RemapValue, 1:RemapColor, 2:RemapHSV. - **float_positions** - positions of the given float values - **float_values** - the given float values - **float_types** - interpolation types for the floats (None - 0; Linear - 1; Smooth - 2; Spline - 3) - **color_positions** - the given float values - **color_colors** - the given colors - **color_types** - interpolation types for the colors (None - 0; Linear - 1; Smooth - 2; Spline - 3) - **red_positions** - positions of the given values for the red channel - **red_values** - the given values for the red channel - **red_types** - interpolation types for the red channel (None - 0; Linear - 1; Smooth - 2; Spline - 3) - **green_positions** - positions of the given values for the green channel - **green_values** - the given values for the green channel - **green_types** - interpolation types for the green channel (None - 0; Linear - 1; Smooth - 2; Spline - 3) - **blue_positions** - positions of the given values for the blue channel - **blue_values** - the given values for the blue channel - **blue_types** - interpolation types for the blue channel (None - 0; Linear - 1; Smooth - 2; Spline - 3) - **hue_positions** - positions of the given values for the hue channel - **hue_values** - the given values for the hue channel - **hue_types** - interpolation types for the hue channel (None - 0; Linear - 1; Smooth - 2; Spline - 3) - **saturation_positions** - positions of the given values for the saturation channel - **saturation_values** - the given values for the saturation channel - **saturation_types** - interpolation types for the saturation channel (None - 0; Linear - 1; Smooth - 2; Spline - 3) - **value_positions** - positions of the given values for the value channel - **value_values** - the given values for the value channel - **value_types** - interpolation types for the value channel (None - 0; Linear - 1; Smooth - 2; Spline - 3) - **alpha_from_intensity** - If true, the resulting alpha is the color intensity; otherwise the alpha is taken from the colors - **out_value** - the output value, depending on input_value and color params - **out_color** - the output color, depending on input_value/input_color and float params