--- title: "Maya" canonical: "https://documentation.chaos.com/space/LAV/125240617/Maya" format: markdown --- This page provides information about the supported .vrscene features exported from V-Ray for Maya.  Lights UI Native Name V-Ray Plugin Name Support Standard Maya Lights     Type: Ambient Light Area Light Directional Light Point Light Spot Light Volume Light LightAmbient LightRectangle MayaLightDirect LightOmni LightSpot – Color color Intensity color Illuminates by Default – Ambient Shade LightAmbient /ambient_shade Emit Diffuse affectDiffuse Emit Specular affectSpecular Decay Rate: No Decay Linear Quadratic Cubic decay=0 decay=1 decay=2 decay=3 Cone Angle LightSpot /coneAngle Penumbra Angle LightSpot /penumbraAngle Dropoff LightSpot /dropOff Normalize – Light Shape: Box Sphere Cylinder Cone – – – – (Ambient Light only) Shadow Color shadowColor Use Ray Trace Shadows shadows Shadow Radius shadowRadius Shadow Rays shadowSubdivs Ray Depth Limit – (Directional Light only)   Use Depth Map Shadows – Use Ray Trace Shadows shadows Light Radius shadowRadius Light Angle shadowRadius Shadow Rays shadowSubdivs Ray Depth Limit – (Spot Light only) Light Fog – Fog Spread – Fog Intensity – Light Glow – Intensity Curve – Color Curves – Barn Doors: Left Barn Door Right Barn Door Top Barn Door Bottom Barn Door barnDoor barnDoorLeft barnDoorRight barnDoorTop barnDoorBottom Use Decay Regions useDecayRegions Start Distance1 startDistance1 End Distance1 endDistance1 Start Distance2 startDistance2 End Distance2 endDistance2 Start Distance3 startDistance3 End Distance3 endDistance3 UI Native Name V-Ray Plugin Name Support V-Ray Lights V-Ray Dome Light LightDome Enabled enabled Color Mode: Color Temperature – – Light Color color Temperature color Intensity multiplier intensity Dome Spherical dome_spherical Dome Adaptive dome_adaptive Use Dome Tex use_dome_tex Multiply By The Light Color dome_tex/ TexAColorOp /mode=2 Dome Tex dome_tex Dome Tex A dome_tex/ TexAColorOp /result_alpha Finite Dome dome_finite_on    Finite Radius  finite_radius   Projection Height finite_cameraHeight    Ground Blend finite_groundBlend Invisible invisible Affect Diffuse affectDiffuse Affect Specular affectSpecular Affect Reflections affectReflections Affect Atmospherics affectAtmospherics Affect Alpha affect_alpha Diffuse contribution diffuse_contribution Specular contribution specular_contribution Atmospherics contribution atmospherics_contribution Light cut-off threshold cutoffThreshold Texture resolution tex_resolution Shadows shadows Shadow bias shadowBias Shadow color shadowColor Terget radius dome_targetRadius Emit distance dome_emitRadius Caustics subdivs causticSubdivs Caustics multiplier causticMult V-Ray Rectangular Light VRayLightRect Enabled enabled Toggle Target – Color Mode: Color Temperature – – Light Color color Temperature color Intensity multiplier intensity Units: default Lumens lm/m/m/sr Watts w/m/m/sr units=0 units=1 units=2 units=3 units=4 Shape Type: Rectangle Disc is_disk=0 is_disk=1 U size u_size V size v_size Directional directional Directional Preview Length – Directional Preview: Selected Always Never – – – Use Rect Tex use_rect_tex Multiply By The Light Color rect_tex/ TexAColorOp /mode=2 Rect Tex rect_tex Rect Tex A rect_tex/ TexAColorOp /result_alpha Texture resolution tex_resolution Show in viewport: Disabled Texture only Texture*Intensity – – – No Decay noDecay Double Sided doubleSided Invisible invisible Occlude Other Lights occludeLights Affect Diffuse affectDiffuse Affect Specular affectSpecular Affect Reflections affectReflections Affect Atmospherics affectAtmospherics Diffuse contribution diffuse_contribution Specular contribution affectSpecular Atmospherics contribution atmospherics_contribution Light cut-off threshold cutoffThreshold Override motion blur samples – Motion blur samples – Near decay on decay_near_on Near decay start decay_near_start Near decay end decay_near_end Far decay on decay_far_on Far decay start decay_far_start Far decay end decay_far_end Shadows shadows Shadows bias shadowBias Shadows color shadowColor Caustics subdivs causticSubdivs Caustics multiplier causticMult Locator scale – V-Ray Sphere Light VRayLightSphere Enabled enabled Color Mode: Color Temperature – – Light Color color Temperature color Intensity multiplier intensity Units: default Lumens lm/m/m/sr Watts w/m/m/sr units=0 units=1 units=2 units=3 units=4 Radius u_size Sphere segments sphere_segments    Invisible invisible Occlude Other Lights occludeLights No Decay noDecay Affect Diffuse affectDiffuse Affect Specular affectSpecular Affect Reflections affectReflections Affect Atmospherics affectAtmospherics Diffuse contribution diffuse_contribution Specular contribution specular_contribution Atmospherics contribution atmospherics_contribution Light cut-off threshold cutoffThreshold Override motion blur samples – Motion blur samples – Shadows shadows Shadow bias shadowBias Shadow color shadowColor Caustics subdivs causticSubdivs Caustics multiplier causticMult Near decay on decay_near_on Near decay start decay_near_start Near decay end decay_near_end Far decay on decay_far_on Far decay start decay_far_start Far decay end decay_far_end Locator scale – V-Ray IES Light LightIES Enabled enable Toggle Target – IES File Name ies_file Color Mode: Color Temperature – – Lights Color color Temperature color Filter color filter_color Intensity power Shadows shadows Soft Shadows soft_shadows Shadow bias shadowBias Shadow color shadowColor Affect Diffuse affectDiffuse Affect Specular affectSpecular Affect Atmospherics affectAtmospherics Area Specular area_speculars Diffuse contribution diffuse_contribution Specular contribution specular_contribution Atmospherics contribution atmospherics_contribution Light cut-off threshold cutoffThreshold Override motion blur samples – Motion blur samples – Near decay on decay_near_on Near decay start decay_near_start Near decay end decay_near_end Far decay on decay_far_on Far decay start decay_far_start Far decay end decay_far_end Caustics subdivs causticSubdivs Caustics multiplier causticMult Local scale – Light Shape ies_light_shape Width ies_light_width Length ies_light_length Height ies_light_height Diameter ies_light_diameter V-Ray Mesh Light VRayLightMesh Enabled enable Color Mode: Color Temperature – – Light Color color Temperature color Intensity multiplier intensity Units: default Lumens lm/m/m/sr Watts w/m/m/sr units=0 units=1 units=2 units=3 units=4 Use Texture use_tex Texture tex Texture Alpha tex/ TexAColorOp /result_alpha Cache Texture cache_tex    Double Sided doubleSided Invisible invisible Occlude Other Lights occludeLights Affect Diffuse affectDiffuse Affect Specular affectSpecular Specular contribution specular_contribution Affect Reflections affectReflections Affect Atmospherics affectAtmospherics Diffuse contribution diffuse_contribution Specular contribution specular_contribution Atmospherics contribution atmospherics_contribution Light cut-off threshold causticSubdivs Override motion blur samples – Motion blur samples – Texture Resolution tex_resolution Shadows shadows Shadows bias shadowBias Shadows color shadowColor Near decay on decay_near_on Near decay start decay_near_start Near decay end decay_near_end Far decay on decay_far_on Far decay start decay_far_start Far decay end decay_far_end Causics subdivs causticSubdivs Caustics multiplier causticMult V-Ray Sun SunLight Enabled enable Intensity multiplier intensity_multiplier Turbidity turbidity Ozone ozone Size multiplier size_multiplier Sky Model: Hosek et al. Preetham et al. CIE Clear CIE Overcast Improved  sky_model.0 sky_model=1 sky_model=2 sky_model=3 sky_model=4 Horiz Illumination horiz_illum Color Mode: Filter Direct Override color_mode=0 color_mode=1 color_mode=2 Filter Color filter_color Ground Albedo ground_albedo Blend Angle blend_angle Horizon Offset horizon_offset Shadows shadows Cast shadows from environment –  Shadows bias shadowBias Shadow Color shadowColor Invisible invisible Affect Diffuse affectDiffuse Diffuse contribution diffuse_contribution   Affect Specular affectSpecular Specular contribution specular_contribution   Photon radius photon_radius Caustics subdivs causticSubdivs Caustics multilpier causticMult Clouds On  clouds_on Ground Shadows clouds_ground_shadows  Density  clouds_density Density Multiplier  clouds_density_multiplier Variety  clouds_variety Seed  clouds_seed Cirrus Amount  clouds_cirrus_amount Longitude Offset (m) clouds_offset_x  Longitude Offset (m) clouds_offset_y Height (m) clouds_height  Thickness (m) clouds_thickness Longitude Phase (%) clouds_phase_x  Latitude Phase (%) clouds_phase_y Enable Contrails clouds_contrails_on  Number of Contrails clouds_contrails_num_planes  Contrails Strength clouds_contrails_strength  Contrails Distortion clouds_contrails_distortion  Contrails Offset Long. (m) clouds_contrails_offset_x  Contrails Offset Lat. (m) clouds_contrails_offset_y Contrails Time clouds_contrails_time V-Ray Luminaire LightLuminaire Enabled enabled Luminaire File file Color Mode: Color Temperature – – Light Color color Temperature color Intensity intensity Scale scale Affect Diffuse affectDiffuse Affect Specular affectSpecular Affect Atmospherics affectAtmospherics Diffuse Contribution diffuse_contribution Specular Contribution specular_contribution Atmospherics Contrib. atmospherics_contribution Cast Shadows shadows Shadow Bias shadowBias Filtering On filtering Filter Strength filter_strength Cut-off Threshold cutoffThreshold Camera UI Native Name V-Ray Plugin Name Support Maya Camera Camera RenderView Controls: Camera Camera and Aim Camera, Aim and Up – – – Angle of View fov Focal Length mayaFocalLength Camera Scale zoom Auto Render Clip Plane – Near Clip Plane RenderView /clipping_near Far Clip Plane RenderView /clipping_far Film Gate: – Camera Aperture (inch) mayaApperture Camera Aperture (mm) – Film Aspect Ratio – Lens Squeeze Ratio – Fit Resolution Gate: Fill Horizontal Vertical Overscan – – – – Film Fit Offset – Film Offset SettingsOutput /film_offset_x SettingsOutput /film_offset_y Shake Enabled – Shake – Shake Overscan Enabled – Shake Overscan – Pre Scale – Film Translate – Film Roll Pivot – Film Roll Value – Film Roll Order: Rotate-Translate Translate-Rotate – – Post Scale – Depth of Field – Focus Distance – F Stop – Focus Region Scale – Background Color Image Plane Shutter Angle – Orthographic orthographic Orthographic Width orthographicWidth V-Ray Physical Camera Physical Camera CameraPhysical Treat as VRay Physical camera Type: Still camera Cinematic camera Video camera type=0 type=1 type=2 Film gate (in mm) film_width Focal length (in mm) focal_length Specify FOV: Off Specify From Maya camera specify_fov=0 specify_fov=1 – FOV fov Zoom factor zoom_factor Distortion type: Quadratic Cubic Lens file Texture distortion_type=0 distortion_type=1 distortion_type=2 distortion_type=3 Distortion amount distortion LENS File lens_file Distortion map distortion_tex F-number f_number Horizontal lens shift horizontal_shift Vertical lens shift lens_shift Guess vertical lens shift – Shutter speed shutter_speed Shutter angle shutter_angle Shutter offset shutter_offset Latency latency ISO ISO Specify focus specify_focus Focus distance focus_distance Exposure color correction: No Exposure Physical Exposure Exposure Value exposure=0 exposure=1 exposure=2 White balance white_balance Exposure Value exposure_value Enable vignetting effect vignetting Vignetting amount vignetting Enable Bokeh effects blades_enable Number of blades blades_num Blades rotation (in radians) blades_rotation Center bias center_bias Bokeh anisotropy anisotropy Enable Depth of field use_dof Enable Motion blur use_moblur Aperture map bmpaperture_tex Affect exposure bmpaperture_affects_exposure Cat's eye bokeh optical_vignetting Rolling shutter mode: Disabled Top to bottom Bottom to to Left to right Right to left rolling_shutter_mode=0 rolling_shutter_mode=1 rolling_shutter_mode=2 rolling_shutter_mode=3 rolling_shutter_mode=4 Rolling shutter duration rolling_shutter_duration Camera shader texture Geometry Native Name V-Ray Plugin Name Support Chaos Scatter GeomScatter V-Ray Clipper VRayClipper V-Ray Displacement GeomDisplacedMesh GeomStaticSmoothedMesh V-Ray Decal VRayDecal V-Ray Enmesh GeomEnmesh V-Ray Fur GeomHair VRayGaussianSplat GeomGaussian V-Ray Instancer Instancer V-Ray MetaBall – V-Ray NURBSTessellation V-Ray ObjectProperties partial V-Ray PerfectSphere - V-Ray Plane GeomPlane V-Ray Proxy GeomMeshFile V-Ray Renderable Curve V-Ray Scene VRayScene V-Ray VolumeGrid PhxShaderSimVol     Environment Native Name V-Ray Plugin Name Support VRayEnvironmentFog Materials Native Name V-Ray Plugin Name Support Notes V-Ray Al Surface BRDFALSurface Diffuse Diffuse strength Reflection color Reflection strength Reflection roughness Reflection IOR Reflection distribution: GGX Round edges attribute Subsurface effect is not supported. Approximated as a simple diffuse BRDF + a Phong reflection layer. VRayBlendMtl BRDFLayered Base material Coat materials Blend amount Blend amount texture Opacity Round edges attribute VRayBumpMtl BRDFBump Base material Map Bump Mult VRayCarPaintMtl BRDFCarPaint Base color Base reflection Base glossiness Coat color Coat strength Coat glossiness VRayCarPaint2Mtl BRDFCarPaint2 Base color Base reflection Base glossiness Base glossiness tail Coat color Coat amount Coat ior Coat glossiness VRayLightMtl BRDFLight Color Color Multiplier Compensate camera exposure Direct Illum Opacity BRDFScatterVolume (from plugin) BRDFScatterVolume Overall color Scatter Color VRayFastSSS2 BRDFSSS2Complex Index of refraction (IOR) Sub-surface color Specular color Specular amount Specular glossiness Subsurface effect is not supported. Approximated as a simple diffuse BRDF + a Phong reflection layer. VRayStochasticFlakesMtl BRDFStochasticFlakes Hilight Glossiness Reflect filter BRDF Type: GGX Two Sided Mtl2Sided Front Material Back Material Translucency VRayToonMtl BRDFToonMtl Loads as BRDFVRayMtl, toon parameters are ignored. VRayPointParticleMtl BSDFPointParticle Loads as a simple diffuse BRDF. VRayFlakesMtl VRayFlakes2Mtl VRayHairNextMtl BRDFHair4 Melanin Pheomelanin Dye color Diffuse color Gossiness Primary grlossiness Softness Highlight shift IOR Glint Gray hair density Randomizations Primary tint Secondary tint Transmission tint VRaySwitchMtl MtlMulti Material 0-9 Switch Switch texture VRayMtlWrapper Base material VRayRenderStats VRayScannedMtl BRDFScanned VRayMtlGLSL MtlGLSL VRayMtlOSL MtlOSL VRayMeshMtl VRayVRmatMtl MtlVRmat partial VRayMtlHair3 BRDFHair3 VRayMtl UI Native name V-Ray plugin Name (plugin/parameter) Support VRayMtl BRDFVRayMtl Diffuse Color diffuse Diffuse Texture diffuse Diffuse Amount diffuse/ TexAColorOp /mult_a Diffuse Amount Texture diffuse/ TexAColorOp /mult_a Opacity Map opacity_color Opacity Map Texture opacity_color Opacity Mode: Normal Clip Stochastic opacity_mode=0 opacity_mode=1 opacity_mode=2 Roughness Amount  roughness Roughness Amount Texture  roughness Self-Illumination self_illumination Self-Illumination Texture self_illumination Self-Illumination GI self_illumination_gi Compensate exposure compensate_camera_exposure   BRDF Type: Phong Blinn Ward Microfacet GTR (GGX) brdf_type=0 brdf_type=1 brdf_type=2 brdf_type=4 Reflection Color reflect Reflection Color Texture reflect Reflection Amount reflect/ TexAColorOp /mult_a Refection Amount Texture reflect/ TexAColorOp /mult_a Reflection glossiness reflect_glossiness Reflection glossiness Texture reflect_glossiness Reflection subdivs reflect_subdivs Use Fresnel fresnel Glossy Fresnel option_glossy_fresnel Lock Fresnel IOR To Refraction IOR fresnel_ior_lock Fresnel IOR fresnel_ior Fresnel IOR Texture fresnel_ior GGX tail falloff gtr_gamma Metalness metalness Metalness Texture metalness Use roughness   roughness_model Anisotropy anisotropy Anisotropy Texture anisotropy Anisotropy Rotation anisotropy_rotation Anisotropy Rotation Texture anisotropy_rotation UV Vectors Derivation: Local object axis Specified uvw generator anisotropy_derivation=0 anisotropy_derivation=1 Local Axis: X Y Z anisotropy_axis=0 anisotropy_axis=1 anisotropy_axis=2 Anisotropy UV Coord anisotropy_uvwgen Enable Thin Film thin_film_on Min Thickness (nm) thin_film_thickness_min Max Thickness (nm) thin_film_thickness_max Thickness Blend IOR thin_film_ior Trace Reflections reflect_trace Max depth reflect_depth Dim distance On reflect_dim_distance_on Dim distance reflect_dim_distance Dim fall off reflect_dim_distance_falloff Reflect On Back Side option_reflect_on_back Affect Channels: Color only Color+alpha All Channels reflect_affect_alpha=0 reflect_affect_alpha=1 reflect_affect_alpha=2 GTR Energy Compensation Coat Color coat_color Coat Color Texture coat_color Coat Amount coat_amount Coat Amount Texture coat_amount Coat Glossiness coat_glossiness Coat Glossiness Texture coat_glossiness Coat IOR coat_ior Coat IOR Texture coat_ior Lock Coat Bump Map To Base Bump coat_bump_lock Coat Bump Map Type coat_bump_type Coat Bump Map coat_bump_map Coat Bump Map Texture coat_bump_map Coat Bump Mult. coat_bump_amount Coat Bump Mult. Texture coat_bump_amount Refraction Color refract Refraction Color Texture refract Refraction Color Amount refract /TexAColorOp /mult_a Refraction Color Amount Texture refract /TexAColorOp /mult_a Refraction Glossiness refract_glossiness Refraction Glossiness Texture refract_glossiness Refraction IOR refract_ior Refraction IOR Texture refract_ior Fog Color fog_color Fog Color Texture fog_color_tex Fog multiplier fog_mult Fog bias fog_bias Affect Shadows refract_affect_shadows Thin-walled refract_thin_walled Translucency: None Volumetric SSS translucency=0 translucency=4 translucency=6 Illumination Method: Directional Uniform SSS Amount translucency_amount SSS Amount Texture translucency_amount Scatter Color translucency_color Scatter Color Texture translucency_color Fog Color fog_color Fog Color Texture fog_color_tex Depth (cm) fog_mult SSS Color SSS Color Texture Scatter Radius Scale (cm) Trace Refractions refract_trace Max depth refract_depth Affect Channels: Color only Color+alpha All Channels refract_affect_alpha=0 refract_affect_alpha=1 refract_affect_alpha=2 Dispersion dispersion_on Dispersion Abbe dispersion   Sheen Color sheen_color Sheen Color Texture sheen_color Sheen Amount sheen_color/ TexAColorOp /mult_a Sheen Amount Texture sheen_color/ TexAColorOp /mult_a Sheen Glossiness sheen_glossiness Sheen Glossiness Texture sheen_glossiness Map Type: Bump Map Normal Map in tangent space Normal Map in object space Normal Map in screen space Normal Map in world space Local space bump map bump_type=0 bump_type=1 bump_type=2 bump_type=3 bump_type=4 bump_type=5 Bump Map bump_map Bump Mult bump_amount Bump Mult Texture bump_amount Bump Delta Scale BRDFBump /bump_delta_scale Bump Delta Scale Texture BRDFBump /bump_delta_scale Cutoff Threshold option_cutoff   Double-sided option_double_sided Use Irradiance Map option_use_irradiance_map   Fix dark edges option_fix_dark_edges Round edges (attribute) Maps Maps are not supported in opacity mapping. Native Name V-Ray Plugin Name Support 2D Textures V-Ray VRay Dirt TexDirt VRay Edges TexEdges VRay Falloff TexFalloff, TexOutput VRay Fresnel TexFresnel VRayInverseExposure VRay Layered Tex TexLayeredMax VRay Multi Sub Tex TexMulti VRay Ray Switch TexRaySwitch VRay Softbox TexSoftbox VRay Temperature TexTemperature VRayGLSL VRay Tex OCIO TexOCIO VRay Tex OSL VRay Vertex Colors TexMeshVertexColorChannel VRay Water TexWater Maya Bulge TexBulge       Checker TexChecker Cloth TexMayaCloth File TexBitmap Maya Fluids support TexMayaFluid TexMayaFluidCombined TexMayaFluidProcedural TexMayaFluidTransformed Fractal TexNoise Grid TexGrid Mandelbrot Mountain TexMayaMountain Movie Noise TexNoiseMaya Ocean TexNoise PSD File Ramp TexRamp Simplex Noise Water TexNoise 3D Textures V-Ray VRay Particle Tex ParticleTex Maya Brownian TexNoise Cloud TexNoise Crater TexNoise Maya Fluids support TexMayaFluid TexMayaFluidCombined TexMayaFluidProcedural TexMayaFluidTransformed Granite TexGranite Leather TexMayaLeather Mandelbrot 3D Marble TexMarble  Rock TexRock Snow TexSnow Solid Fractal TexNoise Stucco TexMayaStucco Volume Noise TexNoiseMaya Wood TexWood Env Textures V-Ray VRay Plugin Node Tex VRay Sky TexSky Maya Env Ball Env Chrome Env Cube Env Sky Env Sphere Other Textures V-Ray VRay Bercon Noise TexBerconNoise VRay Color Correction VRay Ptex TexPtex VRay Triplanar TexTriPlanar Maya Layered Texture TexLayered Utility Textures V-Ray VRay Curvature TexCurvature VRayBump2Glossiness VRay Distance Tex TexDistance VRay Fur Sampler TexVRayFurSampler VRay Hair Sampler TexHairSampler VRay Object Properties VRay Place Env Tex UVWGenEnvironment VRay Switch Transform TexSwitchTransform VRayUVWRandomizer UVWGenRandomizer VRay User Color TexUserColor VRay User Integer TexUserInteger VRay User Scalar TexUserScalar VRayMult Projection TexMultiProjection Maya Array Mapper Axis Angle to Quat Blend Colors TexBlend Blend Two Attributes Bump 2D Bump 3D Channels Choice Chooser Clamp TexClamp Color Composite Color Condition Color Constant Color Correct Color Logic Color Mask Color Math Color Profile Condition TexCondition2 Contrast TexMayaContrast Cpv Color Curve Info Distance Between TexDistanceBetween Double Switch TexSwitch Eular to Quat Float Composite Float Condition Float Constant Float Correct Float Logic Float Mask Float Math Four by Four Matrix Frame Cache Gamma Correct MayaGamma Height Field HSV to RGB TexHSVToRGB Light Info -> sampleDistance TexDistanceToObject Luminance TexLuminance Mult Double Linear Mult Matrix Multiply Divide MayaMultiplyDivide Particle Sampler & Bifrost TexParticleSampler 2D Placement UVWGenMayaPlace2dTexture 3D Placement UVWGenObject UVWGenPlanarWorld Partial - no support for referenced meshes Plus Minus Average TexPlusMinusAverage Premultiply Projection UVWGenProjection Quad Switch TexSwitch Quat Add Quat Conjugate Quat Invert Quat Negate Quat Normalize Quat Prod Quat Slerp Quat Sub Quat To Axis Angle Quat to Euler Remap Color TexRemap Remap HSV TexRemap Remap Value TexRemap Reverse TexInvert RGB to HSV TexRGBToHSV Sampler Info TexVectorOp Set Range TexSetRange Single Switch TexSwitchFloa Stencil TexStencil Surface Info Surf. Luminance TexSurfaceLuminance Triple Switch TexSwitch Unit Conversion TexMayaConversion UV Chooser TexSwitchInt Vector Product TexVectorProduct Transpose Matrix Unpremultiply Weighted Add Matrix Others Native Name V-Ray Plugin Name Support jiWindowBox_All_v1_10.osl, wParallax_SMP.osl/wParallax_ADV.osl, Evermotion_wBox_VRay.osl TexOSL